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Wavelet Packets¶
New in version 0.2.
Version 0.2 of PyWavelets includes many new features and improvements. One of such new feature is a two-dimensional wavelet packet transform structure that is almost completely sharing programming interface with the one-dimensional tree structure.
In order to achieve this simplification, a new inheritance scheme was used
in which a BaseNode
base node class is a superclass for both
Node
and Node2D
node classes.
The node classes are used as data wrappers and can be organized in trees (binary
trees for 1D transform case and quad-trees for the 2D one). They are also
superclasses to the WaveletPacket
class and
WaveletPacket2D
class that are used as the decomposition tree
roots and contain a couple additional methods.
The below diagram illustrates the inheritance tree:
BaseNode
- common interface for 1D and 2D nodes:
Node
- data carrier node in a 1D decomposition tree
WaveletPacket
- 1D decomposition tree root nodeNode2D
- data carrier node in a 2D decomposition tree
WaveletPacket2D
- 2D decomposition tree root node
BaseNode - a common interface of WaveletPacket and WaveletPacket2D¶
-
class
pywt.
BaseNode
¶ -
class
pywt.
Node
(BaseNode)¶ -
class
pywt.
WaveletPacket
(Node)¶ -
class
pywt.
Node2D
(BaseNode)¶ -
class
pywt.
WaveletPacket2D
(Node2D)¶ Note
The BaseNode is a base class for
Node
andNode2D
. It should not be used directly unless creating a new transformation type. It is included here to document the common interface of 1D and 2D node an wavelet packet transform classes.-
__init__
(parent, data, node_name)¶ Parameters: - parent – parent node. If parent is
None
then the node is considered detached. - data – data associated with the node. 1D or 2D numeric array, depending on the transform type.
- node_name – a name identifying the coefficients type.
See
Node.node_name
andNode2D.node_name
for information on the accepted subnodes names.
- parent – parent node. If parent is
-
data
¶ Data associated with the node. 1D or 2D numeric array (depends on the transform type).
-
parent
¶ Parent node. Used in tree navigation.
None
for root node.
-
mode
¶ Signal extension mode for the
dwt()
(dwt2()
) andidwt()
(idwt2()
) decomposition and reconstruction functions. Inherited from parent node.
-
level
¶ Decomposition level of the current node.
0
for root (original data),1
for the first decomposition level, etc.
-
path
¶ Path string defining position of the node in the decomposition tree.
-
node_name
¶ Node name describing
data
coefficients type of the current subnode.See
Node.node_name
andNode2D.node_name
.
-
maxlevel
¶ Maximum allowed level of decomposition. Evaluated from parent or child nodes.
-
has_any_subnode
¶ Checks if node has any subnodes (is not a leaf node).
-
reconstruct
([update=False])¶ Performs Inverse Discrete Wavelet Transform on subnodes coefficients and returns reconstructed data for the current level.
Parameters: update – If set, the data
attribute will be updated with the reconstructed value.Note
Descends to subnodes and recursively calls
reconstruct()
on them.
-
get_subnode
(part[, decompose=True])¶ Returns subnode or None (see decomposition flag description).
Parameters: - part – Subnode name
- decompose – If True and subnode does not exist, it will be created using coefficients from the DWT decomposition of the current node.
-
__getitem__
(path)¶ Used to access nodes in the decomposition tree by string path.
Parameters: path – Path string composed from valid node names. See Node.node_name
andNode2D.node_name
for node naming convention.Similar to
get_subnode()
method with decompose=True, but can access nodes on any level in the decomposition tree.If node does not exist yet, it will be created by decomposition of its parent node.
-
__setitem__
(path, data)¶ Used to set node or node’s data in the decomposition tree. Nodes are identified by string path.
Parameters: - path – Path string composed from valid node names.
See
Node.node_name
andNode2D.node_name
for node naming convention. - data – numeric array or
BaseNode
subclass.
- path – Path string composed from valid node names.
See
-
__delitem__
(path)¶ Used to delete node from the decomposition tree.
Parameters: path – Path string composed from valid node names. See Node.node_name
andNode2D.node_name
for node naming convention.
-
get_leaf_nodes
([decompose=False])¶ Traverses through the decomposition tree and collects leaf nodes (nodes without any subnodes).
Parameters: decompose – If decompose is True
, the method will try to decompose the tree up to themaximum level
.
-
walk
(self, func[, args=()[, kwargs={}[, decompose=True]]])¶ Traverses the decomposition tree and calls
func(node, *args, **kwargs)
on every node. If func returnsTrue
, descending to subnodes will continue.Parameters: - func –
callable accepting
BaseNode
as the first param and optional positional and keyword arguments:func(node, *args, **kwargs)
- decompose – If decompose is
True
(default), the method will also try to decompose the tree up to themaximum level
.
Args: arguments to pass to the func
Kwargs: keyword arguments to pass to the func
- func –
-
walk_depth
(self, func[, args=()[, kwargs={}[, decompose=False]]])¶ Similar to
walk()
but traverses the tree in depth-first order.Parameters: - func –
callable accepting
BaseNode
as the first param and optional positional and keyword arguments:func(node, *args, **kwargs)
- decompose – If decompose is
True
, the method will also try to decompose the tree up to themaximum level
.
Args: arguments to pass to the func
Kwargs: keyword arguments to pass to the func
- func –
-
WaveletPacket and WaveletPacket tree Node¶
-
class
pywt.
Node
(BaseNode) -
class
pywt.
WaveletPacket
(Node) -
node_name
¶ Node name describing
data
coefficients type of the current subnode.- For
WaveletPacket
case it is just as indwt()
: a
- approximation coefficientsd
- details coefficients
- For
-
-
class
pywt.
WaveletPacket
(Node) -
__init__
(data, wavelet[, mode='symmetric'[, maxlevel=None]])¶ Parameters: - data – data associated with the node. 1D numeric array.
- wavelet – Wavelet to use in the transform. This can be a name of the wavelet from the
wavelist()
list or aWavelet
object instance. - mode – Signal extension mode for the
dwt()
andidwt()
decomposition and reconstruction functions. - maxlevel – Maximum allowed level of decomposition. If not specified
it will be calculated based on the wavelet and data
length using
pywt.dwt_max_level()
.
-
get_level
(level[, order="natural"[, decompose=True]])¶ Collects nodes from the given level of decomposition.
Parameters: - level – Specifies decomposition level from which the nodes will be collected.
- order – Specifies nodes order - natural (
natural
) or frequency (freq
). - decompose – If set then the method will try to decompose the data up to the specified level.
If nodes at the given level are missing (i.e. the tree is partially decomposed) and the decompose is set to
False
, only existing nodes will be returned.
-
WaveletPacket2D and WaveletPacket2D tree Node2D¶
-
class
pywt.
Node2D
(BaseNode) -
class
pywt.
WaveletPacket2D
(Node2D) -
node_name
¶ - For
WaveletPacket2D
case it is just as indwt2()
: a
- approximation coefficients (LL)h
- horizontal detail coefficients (LH)v
- vertical detail coefficients (HL)d
- diagonal detail coefficients (HH)
- For
-
expand_2d_path(self, path):
-
-
class
pywt.
WaveletPacket2D
(Node2D) -
__init__
(data, wavelet[, mode='symmetric'[, maxlevel=None]])¶ Parameters: - data – data associated with the node. 2D numeric array.
- wavelet – Wavelet to use in the transform. This can be a name of the wavelet from the
wavelist()
list or aWavelet
object instance. - mode – Signal extension mode for the
dwt()
andidwt()
decomposition and reconstruction functions. - maxlevel – Maximum allowed level of decomposition. If not specified
it will be calculated based on the wavelet and data
length using
pywt.dwt_max_level()
.
-
get_level
(level[, order="natural"[, decompose=True]])¶ Collects nodes from the given level of decomposition.
Parameters: - level – Specifies decomposition level from which the nodes will be collected.
- order – Specifies nodes order - natural (
natural
) or frequency (freq
). - decompose – If set then the method will try to decompose the data up to the specified level.
If nodes at the given level are missing (i.e. the tree is partially decomposed) and the decompose is set to
False
, only existing nodes will be returned.
-